Diabetes Mellitus Science

Evaluation of bone health and fracture risk in type 2 diabetes: a network meta-analysis of anti-diabetic treatments versus placebo
20-06-2025While studies have highlighted the negative effects of certain antidiabetic agents, similar evidence for other antidiabetic agents remains limited. In this study, we aimed to analyze bone fractures and bone mineral densities (BMDs) across patients receiving antidiabetic treatments, considering both overall and specific sites. We comprehensively searched PubMed, Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov up to March 2024 to determine the effect of antidiabetic agent use on bone health in patients with type 2...

Cymbopogon proximus Chiov's extract improves insulin sensitivity in rats with dexamethasone-induced insulin resistance and underlying mechanisms
20-06-2025The worldwide prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing swiftly. Cymbopogon proximus (C. proximus) is a wild herbaceous plant utilized as a potent remedy in Egyptian folk medicine, sometimes referred to as "Halfabar." This study examined the hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and antioxidant properties of the methanolic extract from the aerial parts of C. proximus, as well as its impact on pancreatic tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and Glucose Transporter-4 (GLUT4) in skeletal...

Astaxanthin attenuates DNA fragmentation and cognitive decline in type 2 diabetic rats
20-06-2025Potential properties of astaxanthin include immunomodulation, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. In diabetic rats, we examined the potential impacts and underlying mechanisms of astaxanthin on hippocampal DNA, cognition, and glycemic status. Rats were divided into five equal groups: non-diabetic, and diabetic (non-treated, metformin treated, astaxanthin treated, and treated with a combination of metformin and astaxanthin). Both spatial and non-spatial memory and learning were assessed....

Revealing the role of increased SK3 expression in sulfonylurea resistance triggered by prolonged exposure
20-06-2025CONCLUSION: This study elucidates the molecular mechanisms underlying SR, with a specific focus on the overexpression of the SK3 channel in insulinoma cells. These findings enhance our understanding of the challenges associated with prolonged sulfonylurea therapy in the management of T2DM.

Long-term exposure to ambient benzene and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus in a national cohort: the modifying effect of genetic susceptibility
20-06-2025CONCLUSION: Our study evidences a causal link between benzene exposure and increased T2DM risk, exacerbated by genetic susceptibility. These insights suggest that reducing air pollution might mitigate T2DM development.